Mother’s Story: The ‘Third Space’ for Emancipation in Dalit Women’s Life Narratives

In India, Dalit women wrestle not only with gender and economic deprivation, but also discrimination associated with caste and untouchability, which results in the denial of their social, economic, and political rights. Today, Dalit women’s life narratives form an important segment of not only Dalit literature but also world literature. The narration of their sufferings due to gender and caste forms the basis of these narratives. The articulation of the past, which is a narrative strategy of reminiscence , is the most crucial aspect of Dalit women\u27s life narratives. While narrating the past, Dalit women try to negotiate direction for the future, and their mother\u27s story is the pedestal on which their life story depends: ...a woman writing thinks back through her mothers’” (Woolf 1929: 81). The oppression of caste, class, and gender pushes Dalit women to understand the construction of power structures. In their life narratives, Dalit women narrate their oppressive lived experiences, but simultaneously acknowledge the resilience of their mothers. They see their mothers as a source of strength as they display “tremendous strength in adverse conditions” (Collins 2000: 75). Against this background, this paper analyses the select life narratives of Dalit women: Urmila Pawar’s The Weave of My Life (2008), Baby Halder’s A Life Less Ordinary (2006), and Sujatha Gidla’s Ants Among Elephants (2017). The study underlines the mother\u27s story as a past which becomes the \u27Third Space\u27 in Dalit women\u27s life narratives that acts as a space of emancipation for the future generation, thus giving the marginalized voices a space to articulate and redefine the center

Prediction of Formation Conditions of Gas Hydrates Using Machine Learning and Genetic Programming

The formation of gas hydrates in the pipelines of oil, gas, chemical, and other industries has been a significant problem for many years because the formation of gas hydrates may block the pipelines. Hence, the knowledge of the phase equilibrium conditions of gas hydrate became necessary for the economic and safe working of oil, gas, chemical industries. Various thermodynamic approaches with various mathematical techniques are available for the prediction of formation conditions of gas hydrates. In this chapter, the authors have discussed the least square support vector machine and artificial neural network models for the prediction of stability conditions of gas hydrates and the use of genetic programming (GP) and genetic algorithm (GA) to develop a generalized correlation for predicting equilibrium conditions of gas hydrates

Effects of Food Pollution on Human Health and Its management through Panchakarma

Air, water and food are the basic necessities of life. If one pillar is disturbed then we can’t expect the other two works positively for our health. In Ayurveda there is description of Triya Upstambh where food (aahar) placed in first place, which shows the importance of food.  We can define food pollution as, the presence of toxic chemical and biological contaminants which are not naturally part of our food. Examples are preservatives, taste enhancer, coloring agents. In present time our food is also contaminated by fertilizers, pesticides and heavy metals. This put very deleterious effect upon our body.  It is a silent killer, because these harmful effects come after a long time of consuming this polluted food. Adulteration in edible products is also a common cause of food pollution. Food pollution is causing so many diseases related to different system of our body, like digestive system related, nervous system related etc. some serious health problems are developing day by day such as hormonal problems and various types of cancer. Water pollution and soil pollution are trigger factor or we could say enhancer for food pollution. Growing crops in polluted soil with polluted water is also responsible for polluting the food. Not only polluted soil or water, there are so many sources of food pollution.  Panchakarma is the ayurvedic approach to get rid of these toxins and restores good health through detoxification of the human body. This article is related to polluted food, food adulteration, their adverse effects upon human body and its management through Panchakarma therapy

Impact of Demonetisation on Bank Stock

This paper empirically examines the impact of demonetisation on Indian bank stock. On 8th November 2016, the Indian Prime Minister, Narendra Modi declared demonetisation in an unscheduled live broadcast. Currency notes of Rs 500 and Rs 1000 were demonetised from the midnight of 8th November 2016. This was issued to curb black money and corruption. During demonetisation, the index values of the stock market SENSEX, NIFTY and BANKEX went down. This research mainly focusses on how demonetisation affected the stock price of the top Indian banks. With the help of CAAR, change in return and change in volatility, the effect of demonetisation on the stock market was calculated. Furthermore, an understanding of the impact of demonetisation on bank stocks was attempted. The evaluation helped in concluding that there has been no impact on the bank stocks post demonetisation.         &nbsp

Self-medication practices of over the counter analgesics among first and third semester undergraduate medical students in a tertiary care medical college, Jharkhand

Background: Self-medication is a widely practiced trend in the general Indian population. Among the medical students, self- medication is popular because of awareness about the disease and their treatment. Analgesics are one of the most common drugs used for self-medication. Very few studies are available in Jharkhand regarding this subject. So, the present study aims to delve into the pattern of self-medication practices of analgesics among the 1st and 3rd semester medical students of RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand.Methods: A questionnaire based cross sectional study was done in RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India in March-April 2019 among the undergraduate medical students. The results were expressed as percentage and frequency.Results: Out of total 150 and 142 students in the 1st and 3rd semester respectively, 140 and 130 students practiced self- medication.  Advice from seniors was the biggest source of information in both the groups followed by internet and books. Paracetamol was the most common drug (75%; 60%) and headache was the most common indication (55%; 68%). Quick relief of symptoms was the most common reason for self-medication in both the groups (44%; 48%).Conclusions: In both the groups, the students continued the drug even after experiencing side effects (77%; 60%). Most students were of the view that such practice is not acceptable at all times (75%; 72%)

Physio-Chemical and Mineralogical Characteristics of Gas Hydrate-Bearing Sediments of the Kerala-Konkan, Krishna-Godavari, and Mahanadi Basins

The characteristics of the hydrate-bearing sediments affect the formation and dissociation of gas hydrate in sediments. The mineral composition, their dispersion, and chemical composition of hydrate-bearing sediment samples plays a dominant role in the hydrate stability condition and its economic development. In this paper, the physical properties of hydrate-bearing sediment of India are compared with each other. The sediment samples are taken from the Krishan-Godavari basin (Depth—127.5 and 203.2 mbsf), Mahanadi basin (Depth—217.4 mbsf), and Kerala-Konkan basin (Depth—217.4 mbsf). The saturation of the gas hydrate observed at these sites is between 3 and 50%. Particle size is an important parameter of the sediments because it provides information on the transportation and deposition of sediment and the deposition history. In the present study, we investigated the mineralogy of hydrate-bearing sediments by chemical analysis and X-ray Diffraction. XRD, FTIR, and Raman Spectroscopy distinguished the mineralogical behavior of sediments. Quartz is the main mineral (66.8% approx.) observed in the gas hydrate-bearing sediments. The specific surface area was higher for the sediment sample from the Mahanadi basin, representing the sediments’ dissipation degree. This characterization will give important information for the possible recovery of gas from Indian hydrate reservoirs by controlling the behavior of host sediment. SEM analysis shows the morphology of the sediments, which can affect the mechanical properties of the hydrate-bearing sediments. These properties can become the main parameters to consider for the design of suitable and economic dissociation techniques for gas hydrates formed in sediments

Pregnancy with adnexal masses: an institutional experience and review of the literature

Adnexal masses in pregnancy are not uncommon. We prospectively analysed all cases with adnexal masses detected during pregnancy presented to our antenatal outpatient department from January 2019 to August 2020. Herein we report six such cases with their pregnancy outcome. Among the 6 cases, 3 were diagnosed during first trimester of pregnancy, 2 in third trimester and 1 was found incidentally during caesarean section. The mean age of the cases was 25.33+2.33 years. Two cases underwent oophorectomy and rest had ovarian cystectomy. In terms of histopathological findings, one was endometriotic cyst, two were borderline tumors (mucinous and serous variety) and three were mature cystic teratomas. There was no perinatal mortality, but 2 babies required NICU admission for observation. Mature cystic teratoma was the most common adnexal mass detected in our series. Timing of surgery depends on urgency of situation. Asymptomatic/small/unilocular cyst with low suspicion should be kept under observation and follow up throughout pregnancy

Android Operating System and its Security Issues

Android is a Mobile and Tablet Operating System premised on the Linux kernel owned by Google. The ultimate innovative feature of Android Operating System is open source due to this anyone can publish their applications freely on the Android market. This openness introduces the broad number of developers which utilize this platform, but it comes with the hazard that user may download malicious software which is written by network hackers and harm to its privacy. This requires the study of the Security Mechanisms for Android and to make it easy and user-friendly to make the user aware of areas where he has to be cautious. This paper gives an idea about the architecture of the Android operating system, security features of an android, security issues faced by the Android and solutions for security issues of the Android operating system

DETECTION OF GRAY HOLE ATTACK IN MANET

Abstract-Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a wireless network which has robust infrastructure. Mobile nodes can be used to form MANET. Arbitrary topology can be formed by connecting nodes with each other randomly. When source want to transfer packets to destination, a path being discovered for transmission. Sometime packets get dropped in path due to malicious node. Attack by malicious node is called gray hole attack. In this paper we detect the gray hole attack in the MANET. The detection and removal of the malicious node depends on the calculated probability of each node

Effect of Preoperative Preconditioning of Patients with External Nasal Compression for Different Time Intervals on Emergence Agitation After Nasal Surgeries: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Introduction: Emergence agitation is a commonly experienced phenomenon in the waking period of general anaesthesia, which can adversely affect the recovery of patients in the postoperative period. Patients undergoing nasal surgeries under general anaesthesia, involving postoperative nasal packing, tend to have a higher rate of emergence agitation after extubation. Non pharmacological methods like nasal clips, can be safe and costeffective alternatives to pharmacological agents for controlling emergence agitation. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of preoperatively applying nasal clips for various durations in patients scheduled for nasal surgeries under general anaesthesia, which require nasal packing in the postoperative period, in reducing emergence agitation after extubation. Materials and Methods: The present randomised controlled trial was conducted at department of Anesthesia, Shrimati Bhikhiben Kanjibhai Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre (SBKS MIRC) in Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India. A total of 75 patients with ASA I and II, aged 18-65 years, posted for elective nasal surgeries under general anaesthesia with postoperative bilateral nasal packing, were randomly divided into three groups. Group A (25 patients) wore nasal clips for 30 minutes preoperatively, Group B (25 patients) wore the clip for 40 minutes preoperatively, and Group C (25 patients) served as the control group without nasal clips. At the time of extubation, the emergence agitation score, ability to cough, time to verbal response, respiratory rate, incidences of desaturation, laryngospasm, or any other complications were observed and noted by an anaesthetist who was unaware of the application of nasal clips preoperatively. All data statistically analysis were performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows (version 21.0; IBM Corporation). Results: All three groups were comparable (p>0.05) in terms of demographic profile, type and duration of surgery, and baseline haemodynamic parameters like Heart Rate (HR), Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP), Oxygen Saturation (SpO2 ), and baseline Electrocardiography (ECG). Emergence agitation was significantly lower in Group A and B as compared to Group C (p-value=0.02). On comparing Groups A and B, Group B had a significantly lower incidence of emergence agitation (p-value=0.02). There were two cases of dangerous emergence agitation in the control group and one case in Group A while no cases were reported in Group B. Other parameters at extubation were comparable among all groups. Patient satisfaction was significantly higher in Groups A and B in comparison to Group C. Conclusion: The present study suggests that preoperative preconditioning with nasal clips for 40 minutes in patients undergoing elective nasal surgeries can be a useful and safe method to reduce postoperative emergence agitation